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A novel site of synaptic relay for climbing fibre pathways relaying signals from the motor cortex to the cerebellar cortical C1 zone

机译：突触中继的新站点，用于攀爬将运动皮层的信号中继到小脑皮层C1区的纤维通路

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The climbing fibre projection from the motor cortex to the cerebellar cortical C1 zone in the posterior lobe of the rat cerebellum was investigated using a combination of physiological, anatomical and neuropharmacological techniques. Electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral fore- or hindimbs or somatotopically corresponding parts of the contralateral motor cortex evoked climbing fibre field potentials at the same cerebellar recording sites. Forelimb-related responses were located in the C1 zone in the paramedian lobule or lobulus simplex and hindlimb-related responses were located in the C1 zone in the copula pyramidis. Microinjections of anterograde axonal tracer (Fluoro-Ruby or Fluoro-Emerald) were made into the fore- or hindlimb parts of the motor cortex where stimulation evoked the largest cerebellar responses. After a survival period of 7–10 days, the neuraxis was examined for anterograde labelling. No terminal labelling was ever found in the inferior olive, but labelled terminals were consistently found in a well-localized site in the dorso-medial medulla, ventral to the gracile nucleus, termed the matrix region. Pharmacological inactivation of the matrix region (2 mm caudal to the obex) selectively reduced transmission in descending (cerebro-olivocerebellar) but not ascending (spino-olivocerebellar) paths targeting fore- or hindlimb-receiving parts of the C1 zone. Transmission in spino-olivocerebellar paths was either unaffected, or in some cases increased. The identification of a novel pre-olivary relay in cerebro-olivocerebellar paths originating from fore- and hindlimb motor cortex has implications for the regulation of transmission in climbing fibre pathways during voluntary movements and motor learning.
机译：使用生理学，解剖学和神经药理学技术研究了从运动皮层到大鼠小脑后叶小脑皮质C1区的攀爬纤维投射。对侧运动皮层的同侧前肢或后肢或体位对应部分的电刺激在相同的小脑记录部位诱发了攀爬纤维场电位。前肢相关反应位于旁中叶或单纯小叶的C1区，后肢相关反应位于系孔锥的C1区。显微注射顺行性轴突示踪剂（Fluoro-Ruby或Fluoro-Emerald）进入运动皮层的前肢或后肢，其中刺激引起最大的小脑反应。在7-10天的生存期后，检查神经轴是否顺行标记。在下橄榄中从未发现过末端标记，但始终在背侧内侧髓质（位于细核的腹侧）的定位良好的部位（称为基质区域）中始终发现了标记的末端。药理学失活的基质区域（距尾端2 mm的尾端）选择性地降低了以C1区域前肢或后肢接收部分为路径的降（脑-小脑）路径的传递，但没有上升。脊柱小盂小路的传播不受影响，或在某些情况下增加。在前肢和后肢运动皮层的脑-小脑小路中确定一种新颖的橄榄前中继，对自愿运动和运动学习期间攀登纤维途径中的传递调控具有重要意义。

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